tl;dr
- EELS is an execution layer reference implementation in Python.
- It is updated with mainnet.
- It fills checks, and passes current ones.
- There’s an instance of an EIP carried out in EELS beneath.
Introduction
After greater than a yr in growth, we’re happy to publicly introduce the Ethereum Execution Layer Specification (affectionately generally known as EELS.) EELS is a Python reference implementation of the core parts of an Ethereum execution consumer centered on readability and readability. Meant as a religious successor to the Yellow Paper that is extra programmer pleasant and up-to-date with post-merge forks, EELS can fill and execute state checks, comply with mainnet1, and is a good place to prototype new EIPs.
EELS gives full snapshots of the protocol at every fork—together with upcoming ones—making it a lot simpler to comply with than EIPs (which solely suggest modifications) and manufacturing shoppers (which frequently combine a number of forks in the identical codepath.)
Historical past
Starting in 2021, as a challenge of ConsenSys’ Quilt staff and the Ethereum Basis, the eth1.0-spec (because it was identified then) was impressed by the sheer frustration of getting to decipher the cryptic notation of the Yellow Paper (Figure 1) to know the particular conduct of an EVM instruction.
Drawing on the profitable Consensus Layer Specification, we got down to create the same executable specification for the execution layer.
Current
In the present day, EELS is consumable as a traditional Python repository and as rendered documentation. It is nonetheless a bit tough across the edges, and would not present a lot in the way in which of annotations or English explanations for what numerous items do, however these will include time.
It is simply Python
Hopefully a side-by-side comparability of the Yellow Paper and the equal code from EELS can present why EELS is a priceless complement to it:
def less_than(evm: Evm) -> None: # STACK left = pop(evm.stack) proper = pop(evm.stack) # GAS charge_gas(evm, GAS_VERY_LOW) # OPERATION consequence = U256(left < proper) push(evm.stack, consequence) # PROGRAM COUNTER evm.computer += 1
Whereas Figure 2 may be digestible to lecturers, Figure 3 is indisputably extra pure to programmers.
Here is a video walk-through of adding a simple EVM instruction if that is your sort of factor.
Writing Assessments
It bears repeating: EELS is simply common Python. It may be examined like another Python library! Along with your entire ethereum/tests suite, we even have a collection of pytest checks.
With slightly assist from execution-spec-tests, any checks written for EELS may also be utilized to manufacturing shoppers!2
Displaying Variations
Having snapshots at every fork is nice for a sensible contract developer popping in to see the specifics of how an EVM instruction works, however is not very useful for consumer builders themselves. For them, EELS can show the variations between forks:
An Instance EIP
EIP-6780 is the primary EIP to get an EELS implementation offered by the writer, Guillaume Ballet! Let’s have a look.
First, we introduce a created_contracts variable to the EVM with transaction-level scope:
@dataclass class Setting: caller: Handle block_hashes: Checklist[Hash32] origin: Handle coinbase: Handle quantity: Uint base_fee_per_gas: Uint gas_limit: Uint gas_price: Uint time: U256 prev_randao: Bytes32 state: State chain_id: U64 + created_contracts: Set[Address]
Second, we notice which contracts have been created in every transaction:
+ evm.env.created_contracts.add(contract_address)
Lastly, we modify selfdestruct so it solely works for contracts famous in created_contracts:
- # register account for deletion - evm.accounts_to_delete.add(originator) - + # Solely proceed if the contract has been created in the identical tx + if originator in evm.env.created_contracts: + + # register account for deletion + evm.accounts_to_delete.add(originator) +
Future
We would like EELS to grow to be the default approach to specify Core EIPs, the primary place EIP authors go to prototype their proposals, and the very best reference for a way Ethereum works.
In the event you’re inquisitive about contributing or prototyping your EIP, be a part of us on the #specifications channel or seize a difficulty from our repository.
